生成自定义小程序二维码

刘嘉先
java
二维码, 小程序
阅读量
文章目录
  1. 1. 思路
  2. 2. 代码示例
    1. 2.1. 引用jar包
    2. 2.2. 引用二维码工具类
    3. 2.3. 代码

通过微信小程序官方接口生成的二维码中的logo是我们小程序的官方logo,那么我要生成用户的小程序二维码的话，则需要将logo换成用户头像，微信官方有提供接口吗？(我是没有找到，如果你找到了请留言！)

思路

  1. 可以通过解析微信官方的二维码，获取二维码信息，然后我们重新生成带logo的二维码。
  2. 根据官方的二维码，将用户的logo画图进去。

    推荐使用第一种

代码示例

引用jar包

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<dependency>
	<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
	<artifactId>core</artifactId>
	<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>

引用二维码工具类

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import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;

/**
 * LuminanceSource这类层次结构的目的是不同的位图实现跨平台为请求获得灰度亮度值的标准接口。该接口只提供了抽象方法，
 * 因此可以生成和旋转创建副本。这是为了确保一个读者不修改原来的亮度源，并让它在一个未知的状态，在链中的其他读者。
 * https://zxing.github.io/zxing/apidocs/com/google/zxing/LuminanceSource.html
 * @author ljheee
 *
 */
public class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource {

    private final BufferedImage image;
    private final int left;
    private final int top;

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {
        this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
    }

    /**
     * 构造方法
     * @param image
     * @param left
     * @param top
     * @param width
     * @param height
     */
    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        super(width, height);

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");
        }

        for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {
            for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {
                if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {
                    image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white
                }
            }
        }

        this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        this.left = left;
        this.top = top;
    }


    @Override
    public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {//从底层平台的位图提取一行（only one row）的亮度数据值
        if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y);
        }
        int width = getWidth();
        if (row == null || row.length < width) {
            row = new byte[width];
        }
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);
        return row;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getMatrix() {///从底层平台的位图提取亮度数据值
        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getHeight();
        int area = width * height;
        byte[] matrix = new byte[area];
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);
        return matrix;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCropSupported() {//是否支持裁剪
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 返回一个新的对象与裁剪的图像数据。实现可以保存对原始数据的引用，而不是复制。
     */
    @Override
    public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left, this.top + top, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isRotateSupported() {//是否支持旋转
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {//逆时针旋转图像数据的90度，返回一个新的对象。
        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);
        BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight, sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();
        g.drawImage(image, transform, null);
        g.dispose();
        int width = getWidth();
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
    }
}
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import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Random;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
import com.w.wanbo.nightclub_wxcomm.utils.UploadImageUtil;

/**
 * 二维码生成工具
 * @author ljheee
 *
 */
public class QRCodeUtil {

    private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";
    private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";
    // 二维码尺寸
    private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;
    // LOGO宽度
    private static final int WIDTH = 60;
    // LOGO高度
    private static final int HEIGHT = 60;


    /**
     * 生成二维码
     * @param content   源内容
     * @param imgPath   生成二维码保存的路径
     * @param needCompress  是否要压缩
     * @return      返回二维码图片
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE,
                hints);
        int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
        int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
            }
        }
        if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {
            return image;
        }
        // 插入图片
        QRCodeUtil.insertImageUrl(image, imgPath, needCompress);
        return image;
    }

    /**
     * 在生成的二维码中插入图片
     * @param source
     * @param imgPath
     * @param needCompress
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(imgPath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            System.err.println("" + imgPath + "   该文件不存在！");
            return;
        }
        Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
        int width = src.getWidth(null);
        int height = src.getHeight(null);
        if (needCompress) { // 压缩LOGO
            if (width > WIDTH) {
                width = WIDTH;
            }
            if (height > HEIGHT) {
                height = HEIGHT;
            }
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
            g.dispose();
            src = image;
        }
        // 插入LOGO
        Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
        int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;
        int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;
        graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
        Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
        graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
        graph.draw(shape);
        graph.dispose();
    }

    private static void insertImageUrl(BufferedImage source, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        URL url = new URL(imgPath);
        Image src = ImageIO.read(url);
        int width = src.getWidth(null);
        int height = src.getHeight(null);
        if (needCompress) { // 压缩LOGO
            if (width > WIDTH) {
                width = WIDTH;
            }
            if (height > HEIGHT) {
                height = HEIGHT;
            }
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
            g.dispose();
            src = image;
        }
        // 插入LOGO
        Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
        int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;
        int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;
        graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
        Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
        graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
        graph.draw(shape);
        graph.dispose();
    }

    /**
     * 生成带logo二维码，并保存到磁盘
     * @param content
     * @param imgPath   logo图片
     * @param destPath
     * @param needCompress
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
        mkdirs(destPath);
        String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999) + ".jpg";//生成随机文件名
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath + "/" + file));
    }

    public static String createQrcode(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
        ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", os);
        InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
        String qrcodeUrl = UploadImageUtil.uploadImage(inputStream);
        return qrcodeUrl;
    }

    public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {
        File file = new File(destPath);
        // 当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir。(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)
        if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {
            file.mkdirs();
        }
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, imgPath, destPath, false);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, needCompress);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, false);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress)
            throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);
    }


    /**
     * 从二维码中，解析数据
     * @param file  二维码图片文件
     * @return   返回从二维码中解析到的数据值
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image;
        image = ImageIO.read(file);
        if (image == null) {
            return null;
        }
        BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
        Result result;
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
        String resultStr = result.getText();
        return resultStr;
    }

    /**
     * 从二维码中，解析数据
     * @param file  二维码图片文件
     * @return   返回从二维码中解析到的数据值
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decode(String qrcodeUrl) throws Exception {
        URL url = new URL(qrcodeUrl);
        BufferedImage image;
        image = ImageIO.read(url);
        if (image == null) {
            return null;
        }
        BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
        Result result;
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
        String resultStr = result.getText();
        return resultStr;
    }

//    public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {
//        return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));
//    }

}

代码

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String qrcodeContent = QRCodeUtil.decode('官方生成的二维码地址');
//生成二维码
String qrcodeData = QRCodeUtil.createQrcode(qrcodeContent,'用户头像',true);

二维码地址是采用七牛云的网络地址，你也可以使用本地文件

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